|
Price |
|
-- |
Production |
|
-- |
|
Engine |
6
liter AMG V12 |
Weight |
2976
lbs |
|
Aspiration |
twin
turbochargers |
Torque |
738
lb-ft |
|
HP |
over
700 hp |
HP/Weight |
about 4.2 hp per liter |
|
HP/Liter |
116.7 hp per liter |
1/4 mile |
-- |
|
0-62 mph |
-- |
Top Speed |
-- |
(from Pagani Press
Release) Pagani Huayra
Ancient legends of the
Aymara tell us of Huayra Tata, god of wind, who commands the
breezes, winds, and blizzards that invade the mountains, cliffs and
hills of the Andean highlands. It is told that Huayra Tata resides
deep in the high peaks and valleys, abandoning them only to
demonstrate his power to his wife, Pachamama, goddess of mother
earth. With his power Huayra Tata was able to lift the waters from
lake Titicaca and rain them down on the fertile Pachamama. When
Huayra Tata sleeps, the waters and rivers lay quiet. But the calm
before the storm is about to be interrupted...
Design
The eternity of the
element air. Gentle and refined, yet the strength of the wind it is
able to erode even the toughest of materials giving birth to
distinctive shapes known in nature. Elegant and muscular the Huayra
merges the past, present and future in a timeless interpretation of
automotive art.
The styling of the car
was perfected over the course of 5 years to find each line’s
beginning and end. During this study, eight scale models were
created, as well as two 1:1 models, each an evolution of the
previous in a never ending quest to perfect the form and refining
the substance.
The bi-xenon headlamps
are just one of the many precious gifts from the Zonda R, and LED
daytime running lights are seamlessly integrated in the elliptical
shape of the design. The rear bumper integrates with the diffuser
and is dominated by an elliptical frame that surrounds the four
central exhaust outlets, now becoming a characteristic Pagani
element.
Backbone
The new central
monocoque on the Huayra is an entirely new design made from
carbontitanium.
However, with the gull wing doors cutting deep into the roof, much
research was focused on achieving the highest levels of rigidity
through the application of new advanced composite materials and
technologies first tested on the Zonda R. The fuel tank is located
integrally in the best protected area of the monocoque, behind the
driver, reinforced by safety cell made of different composite and
ballistic materials. The front and rear CrMo subframes offer an
exceptional rigidity-to-weight ratio to allowing the suspensions to
work at their best while incorporating an advanced energy absorbing
crash structure, ready to protect the occupants in the unlikely
event of an impact.
The never ending quest
for weight reduction resulted also into the combination of
structural and non-structural or aesthetical elements. An example is
the integration of all ventilation air ducts into the monocoque’s
structure, making the use of additional parts and ducts unnecessary.
The result of this attention to detail is a vehicle weighing 1.350
kg making the Huayra the lightest sportscar in its class.
Heart
Mercedes-AMG provides
the heart for the Huayra. The 60 degree 12 cylinder turbocharged
engine with a displacement of 5980 cm3 has been developed not just
to meet the strictest technical and quality requirements, but also
to give the car its many faces. The calm and harmony of
driving one of the world’s most refined GT car is interrupted when
the driver calls upon the Huayra to unleash its 700 horsepower and
1000 Nm of torque. The turbos have been studied to offer immediate
response to the slightest throttle input, giving the driver full
control over the engine at any rpm and preventing unwanted delays in
the delivery of power.
The engine’s systems
have been designed and tested to stand up to the most adverse
conditions of temperature and performance. The Huayra has been
subjected to the highs of Death Valley and the lows of the Arctic
Circle. The two lateral radiators are positioned in the front to
guarantee the best cooling efficiency of the intercoolers placed
over the cylinder heads. Dry sump lubrication ensures an optimal oil
feed to the engine even when the car is subjected to the most
extreme lateral accelerations. It also regulates the oil flow so
that only the necessary amount of lubricant is actually pumped into
the engine from the external oil tank, reducing the friction caused
by an excessive volume of lubricant inside the engine sump. An
oil/water heat exchanger reduces warm-up times by heating the engine
lubricant during cold start and keeps engine coolant and lubricant
levels at steady operational temperatures. Extensive weight saving
programs led to ingenious yet simple solutions. In order to reduce
hoses and connections as much as possible is built directly to the
engine. The intercooler covers serve as expansion tanks to the low
temperature circuit and the engine coolant circuit. The vertical
fins contribute to the cooling of the tanks.
The M158 engine is
homologated to meet the strictest environmental regulations, EU5 and
LEV2. Despite the increase of power compared to the other Mercedes-AMG
V12 engines developed for Pagani, CO2 emissions as well as the fuel
consumption have been reduced, to make the Huayra class leading
amongst 12 cylinder sports cars with values that are respective of
much smaller vehicles in the market. The two stage fuel supply
system features two microprocessor controlled pumps feeding fuel to
the engine with the second pump only activated when necessary, thus
reducing the energy required to run the fuel pumps and eliminates
the waste of excessive fuel being transported and heated in the fuel
lines. This efficiency combined with a large 85 liter fuel tank
ensure Huayra’s grand touring ability. As an homage to the
decennial tradition of Mercedes-AMG in building world class sports
car engines, the M158 displays the historic AMG emblem on the intake
manifold alongside the
name of the technician that assembled the engine by hand at the
Mercedes-AMG headquarters in Affalterbach, Germany.
The Titanium exhaust
system has been engineered by MHG-Fahrzeugtechnik and is a direct
application of race proven technologies on a high performance road
car and the complete exhaust weighs less than 10 kg. Hydroformed
junctions are used to reduce backpressure and guarantee a free flow
of the exhaust gasses. Titanium guarantees a low weight in the
muffler area while Inconel guarantees reliability on the parts of
the exhaust more exposed to high temperatures. Careful attention has
been paid to the tuning of its sound, which has led to a harmonic
rumble at idle speeds with a hint of the power that lies hidden at
low speed and a deep thunderous growl of motor and air, reminiscent
of an airplane, at high speeds.
Feet
The power and prodigious
torque generated by Huayra’s V12 are transferred to the wheels
through a transverse sequential seven speed gearbox and a dual plate
clutch and the complete gearbox weighs only 96 kg. Keeping the
weight of the rear overhang as low as possible has been a priority
as we aim for a neutral behavior at the limit. A further benefit of
this layout is a better behavior of the car during a rear impact. A
dual clutch system was evaluated but ultimately not selected as it
would have increased the weight by approximately 70kg, thus negating
any minor improvement in shift-time.
Xtrac already supplied
the gearbox for the Zonda R and so it was the natural choice for the
development of a new high performance gearbox. Xtrac’s expertise in
motorsports was obvious throughout the design and material selection
processes that resulted in the strongest and lightest gearbox
possible suitable for road use, with a synchromesh box that offers
comfort levels a race car gearbox will never be able to offer.
The suspension geometry
has been designed to further enhance the sure-footed nature already
present in the Zonda on the longer wheelbase Huayra. The individual
suspension made with forged AvionAl double A-arms have been tested
extensively on the Zonda R programme. Incorporated into the
wheel hub assemblies are cooling ducts that connect directly to the
support brackets, thus extending the reliability and lifespan of the
bearings. Pushrod operated adjustable Öhlins shock absorbers keep
everything under control and have been optimized for the dynamic
requirements of the vehicle.
“Power is nothing without
control...”
Pirelli say “Power is
nothing without control” and to assure complete control for the
driver Pirelli has developed the bespoke P Zero tires, specifically
for the Huayra. The Pirelli engineers were faced with a demanding
task, combining road holding for excitement behind the steering
wheel and lower rolling resistance to reduce CO2 emissions and fuel
consumption. These P Zero tires are built in a dedicated MIRS™
(Modular Integrated Robotized System) facility, dedicated to the
production of ultrahigh performance tires and are at the forefront
of what is technically possible, suited to top speeds above 370 kph
as well as to lateral forces exceeding 1,5 G.
Skin
The aerodynamic concept
of the Huayra is that of a wing. The vehicle can modify the
properties
of this wing by varying the front ride height, which can be adjusted
dynamically, and by adjusting
the 4 control flaps on each of the four corners of the car. The goal
is to have a neutral vehicle behavior under all conditions and
control body roll via aerodynamic means. The behavior of the flaps
is managed by a dedicated control unit that is fed information from
the ABS and ECU, which pass information about the car’s speed, yaw
rate, lateral acceleration, steering angle and throttle position.
The system improves
aerodynamic efficiency in a variety of driving conditions, where a
low drag coefficient is not the determining factor. During braking,
for example, the rear flaps and the front suspension are raised to
counteract the weight transfer and balance the weight distribution
between front and rear axles, allowing a better use of the rear
brake force. Another vital design tenant for the Huayra project was
to ensure clean airflow over the body of the car. The shape of the
two engine air intakes behind the occupants shoulders are a tribute
to the supersonic aircraft of the late 1950s and 1960s, but also
allow the motor breath without disrupting the flow. The intake for
the gearbox radiator is located between the engine bay window and
the carbon clamshell of the rear bonnet, which provides an excellent
airflow to the radiator without having a substantial impact on
aerodynamic drag. This decision also led to the omission of a rear
wing, replaced by the movable flaps.
The flow of air through
the car was also carefully studied. The radiators are angled to
contribute
downforce and provide the best flow for hot air to be extracted. Air
from the central radiator is extracted by vents on the front bonnet
and trough the front wheelhouses. Air from the side radiators is
channeled to ducts cooling the brake discs and wheel hubs. This air
blows onto the brakes at a temperature of approximately 50°C warming
the brakes up when cold and improving the first bite significantly.
Lateral air outlets behind the front wheels generate a negative
pressure inside the wheelhouse providing efficient extraction to
lower the drag coefficient and generate downforce on the front.
In addition to the
downforce generated by the flaps and body, two high negative
pressure areas were designed into the shape of the underbody and the
diffuser at the rear, thus enhancing the aerodynamic stability and
guaranteeing the Huayra downforce under all circumstances.
Man-machine
As soon as the doors are
closed the Huayra transports the occupants to a new dimension; a
world that pleases and surprises the senses. Having everything at
arm’s length is not close enough for a vehicle with the capabilities
of the Huayra. Consequently, the driver will find all primary
functions directly on the steering wheel. The gearshift paddles are
mounted directly to the steering wheel so the driver never needs to
take his hands off the steering wheel. The seats provide both the
comfort to make long trips enjoyable as well as the lateral support
required when the g-forces build up on extreme driving.
A Pagani is able to
present drivers with state of the art solutions while still drawing
on the rich history that precedes it. The ever present emphasis is
on a living breathing being rather than a digital one. This can be
seen in everything from the leather latches to the toggle switches,
but this ethos finds its purest expression in the mechanical
aluminum gearlever assembly, a monument to the art of the manual
gearshift; progress that does not deny the past. The aluminum
dashboard takes inspiration from the most complex swiss watch
designs and includes a central Multi-Function Display displaying
performance relevant information when SPORT mode is engaged and a
trip computer when the COMFORT mode is activated. The aluminum
center console is machined from one solid block of aluminum and
features a clarinet style array of mechanical switches controlling
the HVAC system. The high definition central touchscreen is the
heart of the vehicle infotainment system, controlling audio
functions, satellite navigation,
secondary vehicle functions and Bluetooth phone.
On the road
To this date five
prototypes have been built which have been conducting road tests for
the past 4 years. Currently, over half a million kilometers have
been covered by our prototypes and before entering the US market we
will have reached one million test kilometers.
Each prototype has been
assigned to a specific development task. At Mercedes-AMG one is used
to develop drivability, and another is used for emission
development. One car is operated constantly by Bosch Engineering for
the application of ABS and advanced stability and performance
enhancement systems. Still another vehicle is used for gearbox
testing, and general vehicle dynamics development.
Safety
The car complies to the
strictest European and American standards in term of safety and
pollution regulations. Several studies were conducted to determine
the most frequent types of crashes involving high performance cars.
The results of these studies have let us to develop specific safety
measures not required by law but to guarantee an enhanced protection
for the occupants. Several cars have been used to perform these
tests.
Technical data:
Engine:
Mercedes-AMG M158 V12 twin-Turbo
displacement: 5980 cc
power: >700cv
torque: >1.000 Nm
Gearbox:
transverse sequential seven speed gearbox
AMT robotyzed system with driving programs
Dimensions:
length: 4605mm
height: 1169mm
car’s body width: 2036mm
car’s width with rear mirrors: 2356mm
dry weight: 1.350 kg (*)
weight distribution: 44% front 56% rear
* changing according to the model
